‘Cultural memory is not bound to one nation, one language, or one ethnicity. It is always shaped by cross-cultural contact, exchange, and appropriation’ (Erl, 2008) . The Mountain is a shared transcultural landscape where divergent memory develops within a single geographical feature. As Yi Fu Tuan argues, "thought creates distance an destroys the immediacy of direct experience, yet it is by thoughtful reflection that the exclusive moments of the past draw near to us in present reality and gain a measure of permanence" (Tuan, 1977 ). Each culture has their own perception on The Mountain derived internally, situated in different standpoints. Consequently, ununified affective territoriality creates conflicts in emotional and symbolic claim to the landscape outside the legal ownership. The overlapping values of geography, politics, and culture create tension between cultures.
